frog respiratory system

Let us learn about frog respiratory system

The frog is covered by thin, a soft, moist skin composed of 2 layers, an inner dermis & an outer epidermis. The skin does not only protect the frog but also helps in respiration

A broad network of blood vessels runs throughout the frog's skin. Oxygen pass through the membranous skin, thereby enters directly into the blood. When a frog immerse beneath the water, all frog’s respiration takes place through the skin. Oxygen can be obtained directly from the water.

The frog does not breathe through its skin alone. Adult frogs have saclike lungs, paired simple, as in man, air enters the body through 2 nostrils, passes through the windpipe, & is received by the lungs. The mechanism of breathing is different in the frog from that in man. In human beings breathing is aided by the ribs, the diaphragm, & the chest muscles. The frog has no ribs or diaphragm, & its chest muscles are not involved in breathing.

A frog may breathe by simply opening its mouth & letting air flow into the windpipe. However, it may also breathe with its mouth closed. The floor of the mouth is lowered, causing the frog's throat to "puff out." When the nostrils open, air enters the enlarged mouth. Then, with nostrils closed, the air in the mouth is forced into the lungs by contraction of the floor of the mouth.

In our next blog we shall learn about components of ecosystem I hope the above explanation was useful.Keep reading and leave your comments.

bacterial reproduction

Hi Friends!!!

Why do we fall sick?

Our body is under constant attack by small & tiny organisms called the germs which causes infection & we fall sick.

Let us learn about bacterial reproduction

Bacteria are one of the germs which cause infection. Bacteria are prokaryotic organisms which reproduce asexually. Bacterial reproduction most commonly takes place by a kind of cell division said to be as binary fission. Binary fission results in the formation of 2 bacterial cells which are genetically identical.

Bacterial reproduction most commonly takes places by a kind of cell division is said to be as binary fission. Binary fission results in the formation of 2 bacterial cells that are genetically identical. During binary fission the single DNA molecule replicates & both copies attach to the cell membrane. The cell membrane begins to grow between the 2 DNA molecules. Once the bacterium just about doubles its unique size the cell membrane begins to pinch inward. A cell wall then forms between the 2 DNA molecules dividing the original cell into two identical daughter cells.

In our next blog we shall learn about law of conservation of energy I hope the above explanation was useful.Keep reading and leave your comments.

Volume formula

Hi Friends!!!

Let us learn about Volume formula

Volume of a Solid

If the rectangular were filled with 1 cm cubes, then there would be:

6 × 2 cubes in the bottom layer

As there are 3 layers, volume = (6x2)x3

= 12x3

= 36cm^3

Now note that the area of the box's base is given by:

Area = lw

= 6x2

= 12cm^2

From the above solution we can derive a formula for the volume of a rectangular box as follows:

Volume = 6x2x3

= (6x2) x3

= Area of the base X Height

volume formula help us to solve physics problems.

In our next blog we shall learn about graph linear equations I hope the above explanation was useful.Keep reading and leave your comments.

types of nerves

Let us learn about types of nerves

Nerves are of 3 types based on the types of neurons they carry. They are:

The Receptor Nerves or Sensory Nerves

The Receptor Nerves are made up of only sensory neurons. Best example, the cranial nerves which conduct impulses from the organs to the central nervous system.

The Effector Nerves or Motor Nerves

The Effector Nerves are made up of only motor neurons. Best example, the cranial nerves which conduct impulses from the central nervous system to the muscles & glands effector.

Mixed Nerves

The nerves which is made up of motor neurons or sensory. Best example, all spinal nerves.

In our next blog we shall learn about amine oxidation I hope the above explanation was useful.Keep reading and leave your comments.

plot line graph

Let us learn about plot line graph

plot line graph is called as a Cartesian co ordinate’s plane. Plot line graph contains a couple of vertical lines is said to be as coordinate axes. The horizontal axis value is the x axis value & the vertical axis y axis value. The points of intersection of those 2 axes values are said to be the origin of coordinate graphing pictures. Moreover, point to a right of the origin on the x axis value & above the origin on the y axis represents positive real numbers. The points to the left of the origin value on the x axis or below the origin on the y axis represent negative real numbers. In this blog we shall discuss about plot a line graph.

Plot line graph are more popular than all other graphs combined because their visual features reveal data trends clearly and they are easy to create. Particularly, a line graph is a set of quantitative data, plotted in an x-y coordinate system, that are connected together by lines. The data used to create a line graph must be composed of pairs of observations. The best example, a time series is composed of pairs of values: measurements or statistics of some type, & the time periods during which those measurements were taken or for which those statistics were estimated.

Merits of using line graphs include:

• Plot line graph are good at showing specific values of data, meaning that given one variable the other can easily be determined.
• Plot line graph show trends in data clearly, meaning that they visibly show how one variable is affected by the other as it decreases or increases
• Plot line graph enable the viewer to make predictions about the results of data not yet recorded.

In our next blog we shall learn about Linear programming problems I hope the above explanation was useful.Keep reading and leave your comments.

uses of nitrogen

Let us learn about uses of nitrogen

Nitrogen has several uses. 1 of these uses is preparing light bulbs. Light bulbs are almost always filled with Nitrogen. Another use is explosives. Nitrogen can be used to make 4 different explosives. 1 of these is Ammonium Nitrate (N2 H4 O3). During1947, a shipload of Ammonium Nitrate went off in the harbor of Texas City, TX. The explosion wrecked the city therefore thoroughly; it seemed that airplanes had bombed the city. The other 3 explosives made from Nitrogen are Nitrocellulose, Nitroglycerin, and Trinitrotoluene. You may know Trinitrotoluene better by the initials TNT. Hence another use for Nitrogen is that it is used to make Laughing Gas.

One field for use is to save the freshness of foods by packaging them in nitrogen. This greatly helps us to reduce the spoilage of the food, due to it getting rancid or suffering other forms of oxidative damage.

Argon gas has been used in incandescent light bulbs to preserve the tungsten filament from burning up, since argon is an inert material. At present Nitrogen is being used as an inexpensive alternative to argon.

Other fields where nitrogen is used is in dealing with liquid explosives as a safe measure, in military aircraft fuel systems to reduce the fire hazard, & in the production of electronic parts such as diodes, transistors & integrated circuits.

In our next blog we shall learn about reversible reaction I hope the above explanation was useful.Keep reading and leave your comments.

ionic compound

Let us learn about ionic compound

An ionic compound is a chemical compound in that ions are held together in a lattice structure by ionic bonds. Generally, the positively charged portion consists of metal cations & the negatively charged portion is an anion or polyatomic ion. Ions in ionic compounds are apprehended together by the electrostatic force between oppositely charged bodies. Ionic compounds have boiling point & a high melting & they are very brittle & hard

Ionic compounds are basically defined as being compounds where 2 or more ions are held next to each other by electrical attraction. One of the ions has a positive charge (called a "cation") and the other has a negative charge ("anion"). Cations are generally metal atoms & anions are either nonmetals or polyatomic ions

Those molecules that made up of charged ions with opposite charges are called IONIC. These ionic compounds are usually solids with high melting points & conduct electrical current. Ionic compounds are generally formed from metal & non-metal elements.

In our next blog we shall learn about nitric acid usese I hope the above explanation was useful.Keep reading and leave your comments.

muriatic acid

Let us learn about muriatic acid

Muriatic acid is nothing but Hydrochloric acid. Anciently Muriatic acid was also known as spirits of salt & was prepared from the reaction between vitriol &common salt.

Muriatic acid comes in the category of monoprotic acid, hence Muriatic acid dissociate only once to give H⁺ ion.

Hydrochloric acid is an aqueous solution of (HCI) gas. Muriatic acid is a highly corrosive acid. Muriatic acid is used commonly as a reactive chemical solution

A wide range of Hydrochloric Acid (HCl) is manufactured, which has been appreciated by many clients for its quality and performance. Muriatic acid is known as a strong acid & it is a foremost component of gastric acid.

Here HCL = hydrogen chloride gas obliviously

In our next blog we shall learn about animalia kingdom I hope the above explanation was useful.Keep reading and leave your comments.

octet rule

Let us learn about octet rule.

The octet rule indicates that atoms tend to gain, lose or share electrons so as to have eight electrons in their outer electron shell. It is useful rule but we should also know that there are many bonding situations where it does not apply.

The octet rule turns out to be violated almost as much as it is followed. The octet rule comes from the realization that since atoms wants to have noble gas structure and some noble gases have eight electrons in their valence shell, atoms should have eight electrons around them.

The atoms that commonly follow the octet rule are

• Carbon: C
• Nitrogen: N
• Oxygen: O
• The halogens, F, Cl, Br, I
  
• 
  

Each of these above atoms will probably have 8 electrons around it.

In our next blog we shall learn about ocean decomposers I hope the above explanation was useful.Keep reading and leave your comments.

specific density

Let us learn about specific density

density is defined as its weight per unit volume. The density of a substance is the reciprocator of its specific volume, a representation commonly victimized in thermodynamics.

Density of substance = D = M/v

The density of a substance is its weight per unit volume

In our next blog we shall learn about dna models I hope the above explanation was useful.Keep reading and leave your comments.

list of amino acids

Let us find out list of amino acids.

· Alanine

· Asparagine

· Aspartic acid

· Arginine

· Cysteine

· Glutamine

· Glycine

· Glutamic acid

· Histidine

· Isoleucine

· Lysine

· Leucine

· Phenylalanine

· Methionine

· Serine

· Proline

· Tryptophan

· Threonine

· Tyrosine

· Valine

our body can not live without these amino acids.

In our next blog we shall learn about horizontal axis I hope the above explanation was useful.Keep reading and leave your comments.

corrosion of iron

Let us learn about corrosion of iron

Iron and different forms of iron are highly susceptible to chemical reactions and their protection from rust costs billions of money annually across the world. Corrosion under atmospheric conditions is extremely complex and the outcome of corrosion is commonly known as ‘rust’. Water & Oxygen gas must be present for Iron to rust. There many metals which react with oxygen, as a glance at the Standard Reduction Potential table will show. With the notable exceptions of silver & gold, most common metals will form spontaneous redox couples with oxygen.

In our next blog we shall learn about frist in math I hope the above explanation was useful.Keep reading and leave your comments.

free online tutoring

Hi Friends!!!

How many of you like free online tutoring and why?

Online tutoring refers to the deliver of tutoring within an online realistic surround or networked environs where teachers and learners are distributed by reading and character.

Guidance held on the computer, often using multi-media devices such as webcams, video, audio and interactive materials.

This saves time of student. It is more flexible, service will be available 24/7 any time any day. Student get immediate feedback with report card. There many websites which provides free online tutoring.

In our next blog we shall learn about extreme fuse I hope the above explanation was useful.Keep reading and leave your comments.

list of natural resources

Hi Friends!!!

In our previous blog we learned about "Types of natural resources" . Now let find list of natural resources.

Natural resources become course within environments that survive relatively undisturbed by mankind, in an uncolored cast.

list of natural resources.

1. Solar energy
2. Wind power
3. Hydropower
4. Geothermal power
5. Soil
6. Animals
7. Forest and so on

In our next blog we shall learn about diseases caused by viruses I hope the above explanation was useful.Keep reading and leave your comments.

basicity

Let us learn about basicity

A inferior method for evaluating the magnitude of bases is to story the acidities of the united acids of the bases (these conjugate acids are oft "onium" cations). The resulting pKa's are proportional to the immoral magnitude of the substructure.

A reusable concept is: pKa + pKb = 14.

Amines are reasoned to be the alkyl- or aryl computation of ammonia (NH3). Amines can be classified on the cornerstone of the size of alkyl or aryl groups substituted for the hydrogen

Or

in new line, on the magnitude of replacement at the nitrogen speck of ammonia.Commonly, aryl substituted liquid are titled aryl amines or aromatic amines. Among radical substituted liquid (group amines), we make the succeeding categories:

a) Substitute amines

b) Tertiary amines

c) Primary amines

In our next blog we shall learn about biofertilizer I hope the above explanation was useful.Keep reading and leave your comments.

Polymers

what are polymers ?

Polymers are molecules which exist of a daylong, continuation formation of small units called monomers. Polymers hit the maximal molecular metric among any molecules, and may exist of zillions of atoms. Frail DNA is a polymer with over 20 1000000000 essential atoms. Proteins, or the polymers of amino acids, and some another molecules that get up brio are polymers. Polymers are the maximal and most diverse category of renowned molecules. They regularize include plastics.

In our next blog we shall learn about erosion definition I hope the above explanation was useful.Keep reading and leave your comments.

bohr atom

Let us learn about bohr atom

An atom is made up of three particles, electrons protons and neutrons. Electrons have a negative charge and protons have a positive charge whereas neutrons have no charge. They are neutral. Due to the presence of equal number of negative electrons and positive protons the atom as a whole is electrically neutral.

• The protons and electrons are located in a small nucleus at the centre of the atom. Due to the presence of protons the nucleus is positively charged.

• The electrons revolve rapidly around the nucleus in fixed circular paths called energy levels or shells. The 'energy levels' or 'shells' or 'orbits' are represented in two ways: either by the numbers 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 or by letters K, L, M, N, O and P. The energy levels are counted from centre outwards.

• Each energy level is associated with a fixed amount of energy. The shell nearest to the nucleus having minimum energy and the shell farthest from the nucleus having maximum energy.

• There is no change in the energy of electrons as long as they keep revolving in the same energy level. But when an electron jumps from a lower energy level to a higher one, some energy is absorbed while some energy is emitted. When an electron jumps from a higher energy level to a lower one, the amount of energy absorbed or emitted is given by the difference of energies associated with the two levels. Thus if an electron jumps from orbit 1 (energy E₁) to orbit 2 (energy E₂) the change in energy is given by E₂ - E₁. The energy change is accompanied by absorption of radiation energy of E= E₂ E₁ = h where h is a constant called 'Planck's constant' and is the frequency of radiation absorbed or emitted. The value of h is 6.626 x 10^-34 J^-s. The absorption and emission of light due to electron jumps are measured by use of spectrometers
• 
  

In our next blog we shall learn about online equation solver I hope the above explanation was useful.Keep reading and leave your

aluminium density

Let us learn about aluminium density

From the Latin word "alumen" meaning "alum". The ancient Greeks and Romans used alum in medicine as an astringent, and in dyeing processes.

Atomic Number = 13, Atomic Mass = 26.98, 13 protons, 13 electrons, 14 neutrons.

First isolated by Hans Christian Oersted of Denmark in1825.

Most common use:

- cans and foils
- kitchen utensils
- Residential house siding
- Industrial applications where a strong, light, easily material is needed
- Wire for electricity, although its electrical conductivity is only about 60% that of copper per area of cross section, it is used in electrical transmission lines because of its lightness and price

Alloys are of vital importance in the construction of modern aircraft and rockets

Aluminum silicate is a mineral formed by a mixture of aluminum, silica and oxygen and hence the formula Al₂ (SiO₃)₃. It has low bulk density and a super white color.

Some of the properties of aluminium Silicate are:

Lighter in weight

Super white in color

High degree of brightness

Low plasticity

Ease of dispersion

Good oil absorption.

In our next blog we shall learn about hierarchy definition I hope the above explanation was useful.Keep reading and leave your

causes of air pollution

Let us learn about causes of air pollution

The addition of the unwanted or harmful substance in the environment that brings about changes or deterioration in the quality of the environment in such a way that it adversely affect the ecosystem or human health is called as the pollution.

These harmful substances that cause the pollution are called as the pollutants. These pollutants can be in the form of smoke, dust, suspended particulate matter(SPM), harmful chemicals like DDT, Endosulfan, toxic metals like mercury, lead, arsenic, asbestos, cyanide etc. These pollutants not only deteriorate the quality of the environment but also adversely effect the human health which can prove to be fatal to human life.

Air pollution is caused due to the release of unwanted gases in to the atmosphere or air. These pollutant can cause many harm to the human system and to the living organism in general. They can cause acid rain and may distory the historical monument and is a great treat to the plants which can survive in a particular pH. When the acidic content that is the hydrogen ion concentration of the rain water is increased they cause acid rain. The acid content of the rain would increase when some gases like oxides of sulfur and oxides of nitrogen gets dissolved in them.

Causes of Air Pollution:

Vehicles are the major causes of air pollution after industries. The growing number of vehicles which uses petrol, diesel causes the pollution of air. The exhaust of the vehicle pollutes the air. It leads to burning of eyes, irritation in the nose, headache and nausea. When carbon monoxide content has increased to considerable amount it may lead to death

In our next blog we shall learn about effects of water pollution

I hope the above explanation was useful.Keep reading and leave your comments.

Atomic radius

Let us learn about "Atomic Radius"

The atomic radius of a chemical element is a measure of the size of its atoms, usually the mean or typical distance from the nucleus to the boundary of the surrounding cloud of electrons. Since the boundary is not a well-defined physical entity, there are various non-equivalent definitions of atomic radius.

The atomic radius is a term used to describe the size of the atom, but there is no standard definition for this value. Atomic radius may refer to the ionic radius, covalent radius, metallic radius, or van der Waals radius. In all cases, the size of the atom is dependent on how far out the electrons extend. The atomic radius for an element tends to increase as one goes down an element group. The electrons become more tightly packed as you move across the periodic table, so while there are more electrons for elements of increasing atomic number, the atomic radius actually may decrease.

Atomic radius is defined as the distance between the nucleus and the outermost shell of an atom. Outermost shell is also called valence shell where the last electrons enter the atom

In our next blog we shall learn about abiotic factors

I hope the above explanation was useful.Keep reading and leave your comments.